Diabetes is chronic condition in which the amount of glucose (sugar) in the bloodstream is too high due to less insulin production or not using the produced insulin effectively. Insulin is a hormone produced by an endocrine gland called pancreas. The main role of insulin is to transport glucose (Absorbed during Digestion) to body cells and maintaining its normal level in blood.
Glucose is very necessary to the body as it is later used in ATP synthesis by Glycolysis – which is the energy source for our body. Glucose is absorbed from the foods rich in starch, such as potatoes, chapattis, bananas, bread, rice, sugar and other sweet foods, the liver also produces glucose in the body.
This Glucose is vital to our body. But-When its level increases then it can be fatal to our body.
Normal Glucose Level – 110mg/dl
Pre Diabetic Glucose Level – 140-199mg/dl
Diabetic Glucose Level – 126mg/dl and Above
Note – People are often confused on Diabetes mellitus and Diabetes insipidus. But, these two are different although they have similar name.
The common type of Diabetes (Sugar) which we are discussing here is Diabetes Mellitus whereas Diabetes Insipidus is a condition in which the kidney of our body removes too much fluid.
In this blog we are explaining the Types Of Diabetes, Symptoms Of Diabetes and What Diabetic Patient Should Eat and What They Shouldn’t Eat.
Types of Diabetes
There are mainly 2 types of Diabetes found in human body. These are explained below.
Type 1 – This type of Diabetes develops when the body cannot make insulin. This is usually shown in people before their 40th birthday and is treated by injecting insulin directly into the body.
Type 2 – This type of Diabetes develops when the body can still make insulin, but it is not enough or insulin is not effective in doing its job, this is sometimes called insulin resistance.
Type 2 diabetes generally appears in people over the age of 40, although it is known to appear as young as 25 in people in South Asia and the African Caribbean. 90% of Diabetic Patient in World are Suffering from Type 2 Diabetes.
Type 3 – There another 3rd type of diabetes called Gestational diabetes. It is actually not a diabetes but the condition of increased blood sugar (Glucose) also exists here.
Gestational diabetes is the condition where there occurs increase in glucose level in pregnant woman. It is generally seen during 2nd and 3rd stage of pregnancy and disappears after birth. However, sometime it needs to be cure as it can affect baby in some cases. Generally, Gestational diabetes do not show any symptoms. That is why, the test of pregnant woman should be done to know if she has this diabetes or not.
Symptoms of Diabetes
There are many symptoms in Diabetes. Some patient show many symptoms and some show less symptoms. Here, we have mention some common symptoms of Diabetes which is shown by most of the people.
- Increased volume of Urine
- Frequent Urination
- Due to frequent urination-Occurs Dehydration
- Dehydration cause increased thirst
- Increase Apetitie
- Hands and Legs got thin but the stomach remains Fat
- Tiredness
- Weight loss
- Genital itching
- Slow wound healing
- Infection on Kidney due to release of protein from urine (Micro-albumin Urine)
- Blurred vision
- Easy attack by other diseases
- Vital Organ damages in long term
- Irritability
- Pain in legs and feets
Treatment of Diabetes
For Type-1 Diabetes – Patient should involve regular physical activity and a healthy, balanced diet. Tablets and insulin may also be necessary to ensure that the body maintains a normal level of glucose in the blood.
For Type-2 Diabetes – Patient should change their lifestyle, exercise regularly and most important thing is to change their eating habit. The food which increases glucose level should be avoided and food good for the body should be consumed more.
Food consumed by Diabetic patient should be of low glycemic index – So that the blood sugar level doesn’t rise sharply.
Food for Diabetic Patients
Choosing right food is an important task because it will ultimately help to make our blood glucose level normal. We have to make control in our eating habit. Proper eating habit is one of the most effective way to control Diabetes. Proper amount of calories should be consumed which is required for body. We shouldn’t eat whatever we like. Suffering from Diabetes doesn’t mean that we can’t eat tasty foods. There are some foods which are good to taste that can be eaten in Diabetes condition also.
Here, we have listed the best foods which can be eaten by Diabetic Patient. The list is shown below.
Vegetables – They contains Vitamins, Minerals, Fibers and they are Cholesterol free. That is why they are good for Diabetic patient Some vegetables that can be consumed are Tomatoes, Onion, Garlic, Capsicum, Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Lettuce, Eggplant, Spinach, Sprouts, Lentils, Green Beans and Peas.
Fruits – Apple, Pomegranate, Orange, Cherry, Papaya, Citrus Fruits and Avocado.
Dry Fruits – Almonds, Cashew Nut, Pistachio Nut and Walnuts.
Proteins – Skimmed milk, Legumes, Beans, White Fish and Chicken (Remove Skin).
Note – These all foods should be consumed in Proper amount.
8-10 Glass Water should be consumed regularly.
Foods to be Avoided by Diabetic Patients
There are certain food that should be avoided by Diabetic patient. The food which increases our blood sugar level shouldn’t be consumed. Here, we have listed food items that should be completely avoided by Diabetic Patients.
Oily and Fried Items – Paratha, Pakora, Potato fries and Chips.
Junk Foods – Pizza, Burger, Pasta and Packed Items.
Sweet Items – Sugar, Chocolates, Honey, Cake, Pastries and Ice-Cream.
Biscuits – White Breads and Chips.
Vegetables – Potato, Sweet Potato, Jackfruit and Arbi.
Fruits – Mango, Watermelon, Litchi and Grapes.
Protein – Red Meat and Eggs (2 eggs per week can be eaten).
Drinks – Alcohol and Liquor, Cold Drinks, Coffee and Tea.
10 Herbs for Diabetes Patients
Diabetes is a chronic condition that affects the body’s ability to process sugar, leading to high blood glucose levels. While conventional treatments are critical, many individuals seek complementary therapies, including herbal remedies. Various herbs have been studied for their potential benefits in managing diabetes. This article explores ten herbs that may support diabetes management.
1. Bitter Melon
Bitter melon, also known as Momordica charantia, is a tropical fruit that has been traditionally used in various cultures for its health benefits. It contains compounds like charantin and polypeptide-p, which are believed to mimic insulin and help lower blood glucose levels. Studies have shown that bitter melon can improve glucose tolerance and reduce blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes.
Bitter melon can be consumed as a juice, in capsules, or as a cooked vegetable. However, due to its potency, individuals should consult healthcare providers before incorporating it into their diet.
2. Cinnamon
Cinnamon is a common spice that has been associated with numerous health benefits, including blood sugar regulation. Research suggests that cinnamon may enhance insulin sensitivity and lower fasting blood glucose levels. The active compound, cinnamaldehyde, is thought to play a significant role in these effects.
Cinnamon can be added to various dishes, beverages, or taken as a supplement. It is advisable to use Ceylon cinnamon for health purposes, as it contains lower levels of coumarin, which can be harmful in large amounts.
3. Fenugreek
Fenugreek seeds, known for their distinctive flavor, are rich in soluble fiber and have been shown to improve glycemic control. The seeds contain compounds that may help lower blood sugar levels by slowing down carbohydrate absorption in the digestive tract.
Fenugreek can be consumed in seed form, as a powder, or in capsules. A common way to use fenugreek is by soaking the seeds overnight and consuming them in the morning.
4. Gymnema Sylvestre
Gymnema sylvestre is an herb native to India and Africa, known for its potential to lower blood sugar levels. The active compounds in gymnema, called gymnemic acids, may inhibit sugar absorption in the intestines and reduce the sensation of sweetness, which can help curb sugar cravings.
Gymnema is available in various forms, including capsules, powders, and teas. Regular consumption may support overall blood sugar management.
5. Aloe Vera
Aloe vera is widely recognized for its soothing properties, but it also possesses potential benefits for blood sugar control. Some studies suggest that aloe vera may improve insulin sensitivity and help lower fasting blood glucose levels, making it beneficial for diabetes patients.
Aloe vera can be consumed as a juice or in supplement form. It is crucial to choose products that are free from added sugars to maximize its benefits.
6. Turmeric
Turmeric, a golden-yellow spice, contains curcumin, which has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Research indicates that curcumin may enhance insulin sensitivity and help regulate blood sugar levels. Furthermore, its anti-inflammatory effects can be beneficial in preventing diabetes-related complications.
Turmeric can be added to meals, smoothies, or taken as a supplement. Combining it with black pepper enhances curcumin absorption, maximizing its potential health benefits.
7. Berberine
Berberine is a compound found in several plants, including goldenseal and barberry. Studies have shown that berberine can significantly lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity, making it a promising option for diabetes management.
Berberine is typically available in supplement form. It’s advisable to consult with a healthcare provider for appropriate dosage and to discuss potential interactions with other medications.
8. Ginseng
Ginseng, particularly American and Asian varieties, has been studied for its potential to lower blood sugar levels. Some research suggests that ginseng may enhance insulin production and improve glucose metabolism, benefiting those with diabetes.
Ginseng can be consumed as a tea, in capsule form, or as a powder. Regular consumption may support overall energy levels and blood sugar control.
9. Dandelion
Dandelion is often considered a weed, but its roots and leaves have been used in herbal medicine for centuries. It may help improve liver function, which is essential for blood sugar regulation. It also contains antioxidants that can combat oxidative stress in diabetes patients.
Dandelion can be consumed as a tea, tincture, or in capsule form. Its leaves can also be used in salads or cooked dishes.
10. Holy Basil
Holy basil, or Tulsi, is revered in Ayurvedic medicine for its adaptogenic properties. It may help reduce stress levels, which is beneficial since stress can negatively impact blood sugar control. Some studies indicate that holy basil may also enhance insulin sensitivity and lower blood sugar levels.
Holy basil can be consumed as a tea, in supplement form, or as a fresh herb in cooking. Regular consumption may support overall health and well-being.
Note – Rice Should be Avoided.
Author’s Bio – Prakash Bhattarai, Founder and CEO of Blog Agricultural Guide. He Is Currently pursuing Agricultural Science In one of the Top University of Nepal Agriculture and Forestry University. He Has Great Interest in the Field of Agriculture, Food and Helath.