Unlike other types of reviews of medical literature; Clinical Literature Review is a selective review that broadly discusses a topic. It is also known as an update. In that, your discussions depend on the proposed arguments in existing studies on the subject matter.
That is meta-analyses and systematic reviews. The two are other types of lit review APA, of medical research. A strong evidence-based review is one that includes research findings that are relevant, in your discussion.
Thus it provides readers with sound guidance on clinical matters and develops excellent summaries.
What makes a Good Review Paper?
1. Relevancy of the Topics
In writing a review paper, your choice of topic determines the value of that review. As with every research, you have to find a subject that interests you. In addition to this, try and pick a common clinical problem as your topic.
It needs to be an issue that you can find new information on its diagnosis and treatment. Rare topics, those that only have curiosity value, and unusual manifestations, aren’t a good choice.
Identify any new information that would elicit a shift in clinical practice. Emphasise on such.
2. Evidence-based
According to Shaughnessy and Slawson, medical evidence can be put into two groups. POEM (Patient-Oriented Evidence that Matters) and DOE (Disease-Oriented Evidence). The results of the two types of evidence may parallel each other, but they don’t correspond, always.
POEM deals with outcomes that relate to mortality, morbidity or the quality of life. It is the ideal type of evidence to include in your research. You can also include studies on primary care populations.
On the other hand, DOE measures different types of response and surrogate endpoints.
Formatting of Lit Review
3. Introduction-Define Purpose
Use this section to define the purpose of the review and the topic of interest. You should also be able to describe the relevance of the research to your field. The conventional way is to examine the incidence and prevalence of the clinical problem.
Also, remember to include a table of objectives, for CME (Continuing Medical Education).
4. Methods- Identify Major Relevant Research
It is where you indicate how you searched for relevant literature. To demonstrate a comprehensive assessment of studies pertinent to the research; you should also specify the sources of the highlighted evidence.
Use predetermined criteria to sort through study materials. Don’t reference information selectively. That is, by only choosing those that support your conclusion.
When you come across a controversial argument, address it adequately. Therefore, you need to use different sources that relate to the topic of discussion.
5. Discussion- objective analysis of the Findings
Try to address bias or conflicts that may affect the strength of the present evidence. That means you need to acknowledge other viewpoints, controversies, recent developments, or unresolved questions, about the subject matter.
Where there’s little evidence to support a viewpoint, emphasise on a consensus. If there’s none, you can opt to discuss accepted practices or approach that’s more reasoned. Remember, to acknowledge the lack of strong support for the recommendations, however.
Summarise your main take-home points in a table. Also, highlight critical points using illustrations, tables, or figures.
Concluding the Review
The Reference section is a list of the sources of information that support your key statements. They should be current and essential. That means, they should be primary sources and not, other reviews.
For your key recommendations, remember to include a rating on the level of evidence. Also, refrain from using too many clichés in writing, in the paper.
